|
The roughness is a parameter essential in fluid mechanics. It gives information on the surface of the walls in contact with the fluid. The Roughness ducts is a factor in the selection of pipe materials when studying a hydraulic system or air handling
Tthe unit varies depending on the application:
- for the study of pressure losses in pipes and flat plates we use the average depth of roughness mm ( R ) . This is the average distance projection-hollow surface defect consisting of striations, grooves, slots or tearing.
In MECAFLUX, you can get directly the duct or pipe roughness ( average depth of roughness mm ) in choosing his material

- Les formules d'évaluation du régime d'écoulement (voir Colebrook)utilisent un rapport de la rugosité moyenne(R) sur le diamètre(D) des conduits appelé rugosité relative(D et R dans la même unité):R/D
- On utilise parfois un rapport de rugosité constitué de grains de sables dont le diamètre est comparé à l'épaisseur de la couche laminaire d'écoulement sur une plaque plane. Il est constaté que lorsque ce rapport dépasse 0.5 la rugosité commence à jouer un rôle déterminant dans la résistance de frottement sur plaque plane
- En hydrodynamique navale on utilise aussi une rugosité moyenne de carène, utilisant la rugosité de grains de sables équivalents(K), divisé par la longueur de carène(L):K/L(K et L dans la même unité)
-
La rugosité des conduits d'une matière donnée évolue dans le temps suivant le fluide transporté(agressif, oxydant, acide, chargé de matière abrasives..) et les conditions d'exploitation(constamment en eau ou avec des temps d'exposition a l'air oxydant..)Une conduite peut devenir ainsi d'une rugosité couteuse en énergie d'exploitation et voir son prix réel décupler au cours du temps. Le temps d'exploitation est donc à appliquer à l'évolution de la rugosité lors de l'étude du prix d'achat.
l'éditeur de rugosité:
- The pressure loss formulas (see Colebrook )are using a ratio of the average roughness (R) / diameter ( D ) :relative roughness ( D and R in the same unit): R / D
- Sometimes used a ratio of roughness consisting of sand grains whose diameter is compared to the thickness of the laminar flow on a flat plate . It is found that when this ratio exceeds 0.5 the roughness begins to play a role in the resistance of friction flat plate
- In naval hydrodynamics it also uses an average hull roughness using the roughness of grains of sand equivalent ( K ) Divided by the length of keel ( L ): K / L ( K and L in the same unit)
-
The roughness of the material given to the purchase evolves in time according to the transported fluid (aggressive, oxidizing, acidic, charged with abrasive material ..) and operating conditions (constant water or with exposure time seems oxidative ..) The roughness of pipes and ducts is costly in energy use. the real operating price can increase tenfold over time. The operating lifetime and the evolution of roughness(operating cost) during this time , must be compared with the purchase price.
Mecaflux Editor roughness :

Choice of roughness following material and condition of water pipes or air flow in the software MECAFLUX
Examples of roughness of pipe or water pipe networks: ( + 140 roughness data can cover all cases encountered in the study network of air or water in the software MECAFLUX)
| steel welded |
New |
0.04 |
| Welded Steel Pipes |
New, coated with bitumen |
0.05 |
| Welded Steel Pipes |
For a long time in service, bitumen partially disappeared, corroded és |
0.1 |
| Welded Steel Pipes |
For a long time in service, uniform corrosion |
0.15 |
| Welded Steel Pipes |
Without significant inequalities joints; internally coated (thick ur layer about 10 mm); ill |
0.3 to 0.4 |
| Welded Steel Pipes |
Mains gas, after many years of achievement ation |
0.5 |
| Welded Steel Pipes |
With riveting transverse single or double; coated internally Or without coating, but not corroded |
0.6 to 0.7 |
| Welded Steel Pipes |
Coated internally, but not free of oxidation was fouled uring service with water, but not corroded |
0.95 to 1 |
| Welded Steel Pipes |
Mains gas, after 20 years of service, stratified deposits és |
1.1 |
| Welded Steel Pipes |
With double riveted cross, not corroded, clogged during service with water |
1.2 to 1.5 |
| Welded Steel Pipes |
Deposits low |
1.5 |
Table of roughness of a few led by their state or number of years of service
|